Endodontics or root canal treatment (RCT) is needed when the blood or nerve supply of the tooth (the pulp) is infected through decay or damaged through injury. If the pulp becomes infected, the infection may spread through the root canal system of the tooth. This may eventually lead to an abscess, and if root canal treatment is not carried out, the infection will spread and the tooth may need to be removed.

In the past, a root filled tooth would often darken after treatment. However, with modern techniques this does not usually happen. If there is any discolouration, there are several treatments available to restore the natural appearance. Very often the tooth will need to be crowned after root canal treatment. It may also be necessary to restore the tooth with a crown to provide extra support and strength to the tooth.